Significance Of The Treaty Of Versailles - 1514 Words

Madison Welzbacher September 19, 2014 World History Significance of the Treaty of Versailles World War I was a devastating war that had a long-lasting effect on every European country. After the assassination of Franz Ferdinand, the heir to the Austrian throne, and his wife by the hands of a Serbian terrorist group known as the Black Hand. Germany urged Austria-Hungary to attack Serbia, but Russia stepped up to protect the country. Germany ambushed Belgium, and proceeded to Russia, throwing Great Britain into the war due to their alliance with Belgium. As a result, the continent of Europe, including Great Britain, Italy, Russia, Austria-Hungary, and France, was plunged into a great World War. The war lasted from 1914 to 1918, and it left Germany singled out as the catalyst. In November 1918, Germany finally agreed to an Armistice, a halt in the fighting, but they did not consider themselves to be surrendering. At the time, the Germans believed that they would play a role in constructing the treaty that would end the war, but when the time came, they were not allowed t o participate. Germany was greatly angered by this, but there was nothing that they could do for their army had been disarmed. They had two choices: sign the Treaty or be invaded by the Allies. With no other option, the Treaty of Versailles was signed on June 28, 1919 in the Hall of Mirrors at the Palace of Versailles in France. Although the Treaty of Versailles did bring an end to World War I,Show MoreRelatedAsses the Significance of the Treaty of Versailles1154 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Asses the significance of the Treaty of Versailles† The Treaty of Versailles did not dismantle Germany from its ability to wage war; it neither made the people grateful towards the allies. As the Italian political philosopher Niccolà ² Machiavelli of the 1500’s stated â€Å"___________†. The Treaty imposed many demands of the war weary country, these demands did not have an immediate effect on the country, and it instead gave a long-term legacy of bitterness and humiliation. The defeat of the GermanRead MoreHow Significant Was The Versailles Settlement Of Shaping The History Of The Weimar Republic? Essay1629 Words   |  7 PagesSignificant was the Versailles settlement in shaping the history of the Weimar Republic? Explain your answer. The Versailles Settlement was more significant in shaping the history of the Weimar Republic overall, however other prevailing conditions worsened the effects of the Versailles Settlement to a lesser extent. From 1919 to 1921, the Versailles Settlement was less significant, as the instability of the German people was able to be stopped. From 1921 to 1923, the Versailles Settlement was moreRead MoreEssay on Treaty of Versailles Role in Hitlers Rise to Power879 Words   |  4 PagesTreaty of Versailles Role in Hitlers Rise to Power The Treaty of Versailles was important to Hitlers rise to power because, it was the cause of Germanys downfall. Hitler felt very strongly about the Treaty of Versailles and thought the terms were unfair towards Germany. Many German people also despised the treaty, and wanted something done about it. Hitler was there to turn to. He wanted to abolish the treaty and all of it terms. 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In order to achieve current purposes, this essay will advance as follows: Section 1 will explain how Adolf Hitler defied the Treaty of Versailles and turned a depression-wracked country into a major military power, Part 2 will discuss Hitler’s strategies concerning the â€Å"Jewish problem† in Germany and his military conquests from 1936 to 1940 in his attempt to control Europe, Portion 3Read MoreThe Importance Of Adolf Hitler1214 Words   |  5 Pageswilling to follow him and all of what he had spoken out for. However, that didn’t change the fact that there were still downsides to what he convinced others to believe in and what he wanted as a leader. Nonetheless, these factors don’t overcome the significance of Hitler’s leadership. The Weimar Republic was an ineffective form of government in which there was too many separate parties that stood alon e. This government was unable to stay secure and in leadership. After the Weimar Republic’s failure theRead MoreThe Most Important Factors that Led Up to Hitlers Rise to Power in 1933791 Words   |  4 Pagesover less than 10 years it shows that vast outside factors must have affected Germany to change so many votes. Several factors here vital to and lead up to the rise to power of Hitler. After the WWI the treaty of Versailles was signed. This was a peace treaty of a kind but it is more punishment to Germany for losing war; much land on its west to France and Belgium and lost land on the West to Poland and Lithuania, t also lost its colonies in Africa to France and BritainRead MoreThe Policy Of Appeasement During The Outbreak Of War Essay1332 Words   |  6 Pagessecurity, the idea that countries could discourage aggression, appeasement became a policy adopted in the 1930s, especially by the British. Appeasement was developed in the belief that countries such as Germany were unfairly treated in the Treaty of Versailles. It was used in hope to prevent Germany and Italy going to war. â€Å"Appeasement was seen to be magnanimous, good business, idealistic and a form of security.† The policy of appeasement was widely pursued by Britain and France in the 1930s, refersRead MoreGermany as a Victim1451 Words   |  6 PagesGermany as a Victim On the 16th June the German government, lead by Count Brockdorff-Rantzau, were presented with the Treaty of Versailles. They were originally given 14, and then 21 days, to agree to it. The treaty, which included some 440 Articles, was not as vindictive as Clemenceau had wanted nor as moderate as Lloyd George would have wished. It certainly fell far short of the conciliatory features of Wilsons fourteen point proposals. (Evans and Jenkins) HoweverRead MoreAssess How Hitlers Ideology Affected Nazi Foreign Policy Between 1933-391528 Words   |  7 Pageswould be to ignore his personal motivations and both racist and expansionist ideology. This facile explanation also fails to look at Hitler’s intentions echoed fearlessly throughout his speeches, address, and party literature of reversing the Treaty of Versailles to create a Greater Germany ‘Grossdeutsh’ and to expand eastward into Russia in the conquest of living space ‘lebensraum.’ To place these policies into historical reality a historian must look at Hitler’s motives, intentions and actions whether

Indian Democracy at Crossroad - 3296 Words

Avinash Shankar MAD12015 Politics Essay: 2 Topic Can post-colonial India s political experience be characterized as moving towards becoming more democratic Democracy, the form of government where supreme power is directly or indirectly vested in people, has become a global discourse that can be gauged from the fact that many post-colonial countries have adopted it with remarkable success. The dramatic global expansion of democracy in the last few decades in post-colonial countries speak volume of this most popular form of representative government. The ever fluctuating political dynamics coupled with†¦show more content†¦Indira’s regime, in my opinion, was the beginning of the stage when India started to show its meaningful presence internationally. Creation of Bangladesh was the beginning of the India’s assertiveness at international level. Nuclear test conducted in 1974 was the extension of this assertiveness. Ironically Indira’s regime will also go down in history for bringing disrepute to democracy by imposing emergency in the most undemocratic manner. Perhaps it was the first blow to the essence of dem ocratic model that India followed since independence. The manner in which rights and liberties, the two important tenets of democracy, were suspended during emergency reminds us how an authoritarian regime can play havoc in people’s minds. The emergency perhaps was the turning point in the Indian democratic history because it paved the way for major political and social shift. It was perhaps the trigger that led to the end of absolute majority era and ignited the undercurrent of regional politics played largely around caste and religious lines. Easwaran Sridharan and M.V. Rajeev Gowda however believe that the end of Congress’s dominance and fragmentation of the party system haveShow MoreRelatedAmerica Stands At A Crossroads880 Words   |  4 Pages America stands at a crossroads. 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He died in Independence Missouri in 1852. James Calhoun’s correspondenceRead MoreIndia Of The Indus Valley Civilization1087 Words   |  5 Pagesfunctioning and democratic nation state. India ’s population of over 1 billion speak hundreds of different languages yet they manage to live in relative harmony with each other. Such a wide diversity and acceptance places India at the center of a crossroad of cultures spanning from Europe to China. India has absorbed all this in a way nearly unprecedented in world history. Finally India can be considered the birthplace of organized religion starting with Hinduism and spawning others like Buddhism andRead MoreHistory of Apartheid in South Africa1679 Words   |  7 Pagesbecame a republic and completed its separation from Great Britain. Apartheid turned into a drastic, systematic program of social injuring based on four ideas. 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Play in groups Essay Example For Students

Play in groups Essay In this workshop, we were aiming to develop our knowledge and understanding of the play Blood Brothers, and to build on our understanding of the play. To do this, we took part in a series of exercises across the day.  We looked at the synopsis of the play in groups of 4 or 5. We created a practical comic strip/ play in less than a minute. The reason for this was to brief ourselves on the out line of the story. We used freeze-frame for the opening and ending lines, narrated action to explain to the audience what was going on in the scene, freeze-frame into action to mark the moment, and then we ran the scenes together. I played the narrator in this scene. I used the above techniques to try and raise the awareness of the story. I feel I was successful in my role as I briefed the audience on what was happening but also remained a focal point for the actors whilst they were becoming their characters. Throughout the play, class was a major issue. By looking at the photo of the two brothers we can see a huge difference in their costumes. Both brothers are wearing a school uniform, however, they are in a very different state. Mickeys is torn and tattered. He has holes in his jumper, baggy socks, and scuffed shoes. Eddies is much smarter. All his clothes fit, and they are respectable. He shows no sign of dirt and his shoes are laced and shiny. In pairs, we used the photo as a stimulus to improvise a scene between the two brothers. It is the scene in which they first become blood brothers. I have annotated the scene below.  To practise levels of class we took part in an exercise, which helped to develop how we move our body depending on different status levels. We walked around the classroom in a neutral position until something was shouted out. It could be, pauper or The Queen, but as our teacher called out the names we had to show the physicality of that particular character. It demonstrated how we actually saw other people and tested our own ability on how to become different characters. We used the same exercise to become children of different ages. To test our physicality of children our teacher asked as to portray different aged children from our viewpoint. The body language, and physical body handling develops as a child ages. To show this we demonstrated how we thought a child of Mickey and Eddies year would behave. I thought that the child would fidget, and run around a lot. I also laughed a lot even if I made it obvious that I didnt know what I was laughing at. We used the use of space and levels to show this. I thought it was an extremely useful and successful exercise as I gained so much knowledge on how a child really behaves. We showed how children are inquisitive and ask a lot of questions. In another exercise we showed our ability to play children by pretending to be a lot younger. We had to run to an object in the room and try and get people to listen to what it was, however, we had to call it something else. For example, if it were the door that I was pointing to, I may call it a banana, but I would have to really try and convince another person that it was. This is because I believed that the object really was a banana. It demonstrated how a child would believe things because someone else tells them. A child only knows that a ball is a ball because they have been told so. We used props for our child improvisations. A bucket was placed in the centre of the room. As children, we could enter into the middle of the room and begin to play with the bucket, however we do not know what the bucket is, and therefore tell all our friends that it is something completely different. It was a successful exercise as it helped me to get into the role of s child. I was much better prepared now to continue with the Eddie and Mickey improvisations.

The Strategic Management of IKEA for Furniture Company in UAE or Gulf Corporate Countries

Executive Summary IKEA aspires to provide quality products and services to its global clients. To realize this vision, IKEA offers various properly designed and serviceable house-furnishings at very low prices in Dubai, Kuwait, Abu Dhabi, Saudi Arabia, and other global markets.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Strategic Management of IKEA for Furniture Company in UAE or Gulf Corporate Countries specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Thus, since its inauguration in the fiscal 1943, IKEA has globalized its operations and businesses. However, globalization presents various threats and opportunities to IKEA while exposing its strengths and weaknesses to market competitors. The weaknesses and strengths have been analyzed through Value Chain Analysis, VRIN, PESTL, and Porters Five Forces frameworks. In fact, the internal and external environment where IKEA operates have been analyzed using these analytical tools and recom mendations have been provided. Introduction IKEA International is a global corporation that offers home accessories to all global clients. Being headquartered in Sweden, IKEA provides quality furnishings in the Europe, Africa, and Middle East markets. The company has recently set its presence in Gulf Corporate Countries such as Omar, Qatar, and Kuwait. In fact, in the United Arabs Emirates and GCC, IKEA is acknowledged for the provision of quality furnishings that cannot be assembled easily, but can be transported without problems. In fact, IKEA furnishings are evident in the City Festivals and residential places. Despite being globally recognized, Dubai constructed its first IKEA store in the fiscal 1995. However, the largest IKEA store was opened in the year 2005 in the Dubai Festival City. In the year 2011, Abu Dhabi launched the largest IKEA International store in the Island of Yas. Besides, IKEA has one store in Kuwait as well as two other stores in Saudi Arabia (Daft Vershini na, 2010). The purpose of this paper is to analyze the current business and operations of IKEA, external and internal analysis, the competitiveness of IKEA, as well as the strategies and challenges faced by IKEA. Analytical tools such as Value Chain Analysis, VRIN, PEST, and Porters Five Forces are used in the analysis of IKEA’s business and market operations.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The Current Operations and Businesses of IKEA IKEA was first inaugurated in the fiscal 1943 in Sweden. In the 1980s, IKEA began to expand its business operations to the United States, UAE, GCC, and other parts of the European markets. These markets attracted the company due to several reasons: (1) the regions had very large customer base, (2) the local residents who had travelled considered themselves risk-takers, (3) the market was fragmented and (4) the potential customers could be identified with regions. The success of IKEA business relied on the sensitivity of the people to the product attributes regardless of the origin. If people regarded local products more than foreign products, then IKEA business would probably have been in danger (OBG, 2012). IKEA entry into the United States, UAE, and GCC markets was focused on the consumers the company perceived to be the potential customers. The firm opened its first US store along the coastline while the Dubai and Abu Dhabi stores were opened in the Dubai Festival City and Marina Mall. While going global, IKEA believed that people living along the coast and Islands were exposed to foreign products (Gillespie, Jeannet Hennessey, 2010). The reason to focus on the travelling consumers was that the company was determined to sell products with European standards. The success of such products would be uncertain in areas where consumers have no foreign experience. The success of this entry mode in the UAE, GCC, and Europe was to form the basis for establishment before expanding the business operations elsewhere. The entry mode adopted by IKEA when expanding to the European, UAE, and GCC markets occurred in form of a market-seeking investment undertaken to exploit new markets. The Swedish, GCC, and UAE markets are saturated and the markets can only offer limited growth opportunities.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Strategic Management of IKEA for Furniture Company in UAE or Gulf Corporate Countries specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The company was motivated to this investment by the constant market growth and large market sizes of Europe, UAE, GCC, and IKEA aimed to serve the larger markets. According to Uppsala theory, after understanding the local market the company could move to the nearest market (Switzerland), then to Germany, UAE, GCC, and so on. In the Dubai and European markets, IKEA was met with great success a fter focusing on providing the cheapest solutions to gain competitive advantage (Walker Butler, 2010). However, the success in the European and UAE markets was not a straightforward endeavor given that established firms that had huge capitals pursued foreign investments. Although IKEA had made a good fortune in the Sweden market, moving capital from the country was a challenge. The capital controls in Sweden prohibited investing abroad with home gained capital. The UAE nevertheless, offered a favorable environment for the company to invest its capital. IKEA had to make quick profits and get a positive cash flow by adopting the foreign investments strategies. The European business was reorganized, and tighter controls were introduced. The company changed from offering European styled products to the American styled ones in the UAE, and GCC markets (OBG, 2010). IKEA Value Chain Analysis Primary Activities Inbound logistics In the UAE and GCC, IKEA has established a wide base of produ cers and supplies responsible for manufacturing and supply of furniture parts. The extensive array of Middle East regional warehouses is integrated with an efficient management of inventory driven by the need to ensure that the right parts go to the right customer at the right time.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Storing the furniture components as a single package is a cost saving approach, as the stores need not to be as big as they might be expected for a furniture company (Gillespie, Jeannet Hennessey, 2010). Operations IKEA has continued to expand and increase its customers across all market segments including the UAE and GCC. Isaksson and Suljanovic (2006) observe that IKEA is the only firm in the UAE and GCC furniture industries that has managed to attract customers across the world without changing the original concept of management. This has been achieved through the development of unique product designs based on sacred dedication. Other operations include market and product research, which add to the competitive strength of the business. Outbound Logistics In an industry that is considered local by many people, IKEA has become global because of its comprehensive distribution network. The firm now delivers low cost, but quality furniture to major markets such as Europe, Africa, UAE , America, GCC, and Australia. Indeed, it is the only distributor in the industry to have established on a global scale. It has stores spread in Europe, North America, Asia, and recently established operation in the UAE and GCC. The low cost of distribution in the UAE and GCC is enabled through the innovative way of dealing with the logistic sourcing and retailing whereby the products are knocked down and shipped in flat boxes (Gillespie, Jeannet Hennessey, 2010), involving consumers in value addition by transporting, and assembling the furniture by themselves. Marketing and Sales IKEA marketing in Dubai, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and Abu Dhabi is accomplished through the renowned IKEA catalogue, which has existed for years. This marketing tool is the cornerstone in the firm’s concept and is distributed free of charge to the households within the stores’ principal market areas. The sales returns generated by IKEA increase because of the numerous customers who visit Marina Mall and Dubai Festival City stores. Every year, the company experiences an increase in the number of visitors due to the new products advertised though the catalogues. No other forces drive sales in IKEA much like the catalogue, which is reinforced by the homely environment of the stores. Services The great success of IKEA has been enabled through the homely services offered in the Dubai, UAE, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, and Abu Dhabi stores. The stores have been likened to IKEA homes where a customer can get any household services including dining, children playing zones and instructions on how to assemble products on their own. This kind of high-level service maintains the attractiveness to and competitive advantage of the firm. IKEA External Analysis Using PESTEL Political The UAE and GCC environment where IKEA operates is politically polarized. Minimum wage policies are strictly observed to avoid infringing labor rights. However, in most nations including UK, Dubai, Abu Dhabi, and U S, the political parties ensure the business environment is stable. Foreign business policies are accommodative to all multinational corporations. For instance, the taxation policies allow foreign corporations such as IKEA to join the UAE, European, and GCC markets (SandÄ ±kcÄ ± Rice, 2011) Economical The prices charged by IKEA on its products and services are reasonable to the consumers in the UAE and GCC markets even during the economic slump. Given that most IKEA products are locally produced in Asian countries, it is advantageous for IKEA to operate in regions like Dubai, Abu Dhabi, and GCC. IKEA has the advantage to capture and grow in various Asian, Middle East, and European markets because the national incomes are high while the rates of inflation are low. Consumers are encouraged to purchase products since interest rates are low and the currencies are strong (OBG, 2008). Social In its global business operations, IKEA has upheld a just societal status. IKEA has improved it s stores in all countries such as Dubai, Kuwait, Qatar, and Abu Dhabi to suit the citizens’ lifestyles. For instance, customers can do shopping anytime because IKEA offers flexible and odd working hours (OBG, 2008). There are playing grounds for kids and restaurants for parents accompanying the kids. Technological In the UAE and GCC countries, IKEA has been able to endorse or market its services and products easily via the internet. The products dimension and detailed info are available online, and this allows clients from these regions to make purchases. IKEA also derives its strength through the online catalogue services. IKEA initially wanted clients to go to the Dubai, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and Abu Dhabi stores to pick up their products, but technology has now enabled the company to use computer operated lifts to deliver products to the clients (SandÄ ±kcÄ ± Rice, 2011). Analysis of the Competitive Position of IKEA Using Porter’s Five Forces The IKEA’s Co mpetitors There is extreme competition amongst the existing corporations in the international markets like the UAE and Abu Dhabi. For instance, in Dubai and Abu Dhabi, the company functions in a very competitive business environment typified by other economical furniture manufacturers. B esides, these producers are kin-run dealings that generate low overheads well known by focusing on expensive designs. Conversely, these expensive and focused designs translate to small-scale fabrication to suit the local UAE and GCC souks (OBG, 2012). The established experiences offer dissimilar opinions on product location and contributions according to inside accounts. To compete successfully, some large vendors like Furniture mall, Courts, and Nova generate inexpensive products to benefit from the economies of scale. Thus, IKEA appears to face stiff rivalry along with opponents from countries like Dubai, Kuwait, and Abu Dhabi. Furthermore, IKEA currently faces little pressure from fresh market en trants while the emergence of novel market competitors is also negligible (OBG, 2010). The Bargaining Power of Suppliers and Buyers As the local and universal furniture dealer, IKEA presents substitutable and broad choices of products and services to the UAE and GCC consumers owing to the level of competition. Thus, corporation offers strong bargaining power for the customers. The consumers pose a plausible threat of backward incorporation to the traders. However, retailers look for diverse means of improving performance in order to participate efficiently and generate profits. This can be realized through implementing deliberate work and business schemes based on the creation of market associations. The motivation aspires to construct enduring consumer affiliation and dealers devotion. Hence, this informs IKEA’s assimilation practice strategy amid consumers, retailers, and suppliers (OBG, 2010). IKEA seeks to enhance the reliability of the UAE and GCC customers in relation t o the purchasers’ power in the business. It focuses on improving the existing consumer association by scheming on how to win and secure the new-fangled customers to an enduring rapport with the corporation (OBG, 2008). The provision of excellent customer services with optimistic shopping knowledge is important. IKEA’s Threat of Substitutes The problem of searching for additional replaceable products that can do the same function requires an alternate product. However, there are hardly any replacements of furnishings for the other products in the UAE and GCC. With technical advancements, a significant part of the people, the account of organization supplying merchandise, and the mode of supplying services and products are extremely substitutable. It is realistic for the shopping judgment placed against the garments since Dubai, Kuwait, Oman, and Abu Dhabi customers would make an effort to appraise if the furniture is fit (OBG, 2012). To evaluate the aptness of purchasin g manufactured goods, it is important for the computer imaging to forget the establishment of rooms. Nonetheless, such substitutes stay put, as components of the company’s competitive advantage and online business remains underutilized. The Corporation Prospective Entrants In the provision of departmental stores, there are numerous furniture traders such as Courts and Nova as well as high-end vendor like Lorenzo in the GCC and UAE markets. In fact, a higher degree of opposition results from the diminishing levels of customers’ trustworthiness. This industry is experiencing threats from the innovative competitor entering into the big business. There is an obligation for renting store space since capital investment necessary for furnishings could be high. Hence, the competitors must source the designs and build the factories. In addition, before the market entrants could produce low cost products to rival the entrenched firms, they must capture a dominant market share (O BG, 2008). IKEA Internal VRIN Framework Analysis Valuable The strength of IKEA at present originates from unique sourcing, tightly controlled logistics, and unique design capabilities. Therefore, the firm offers products that are unique enough to give market recognition, reduce inventory, and secure sourcing for long runs. This strength has ensured that the firm leads in the industry and steadily increases the market share countries such as Dubai, Abu Dhabi, Oman, and Europe. Rare Throughout history, IKEA has been able to produce new designs and offer products next door from the Dubai and Abu Dhabi stores. IKEA is the only industry player that has been able to offer a variety of designs to the wide customer base found in the UAE and GCC nations (Isaksson Suljanovic, 2006). Inimitable As the activities of the value chain suggest, IKEA has a strong relationship with their UAE and GCC customers starting from the products offered to the services given. Many of the competitors found in the UAE and GCC markets lag behind in terms of customer loyalty and the locals only know a few that surface. IKEA enjoys global recognition in Dubai, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and Abu Dhabi due to its ability to offer the typical Swedish furniture taste, yet with a sense of the differing consumer needs (Walker Butler, 2010). Non-Substitutable The iconic aspect of self-assembly emphasized in IKEA is more of an imagination. The developments that have led to this achievement have taken years and whole commitment of the firm leaders. Even if, other competitors found in the UAE and GCC markets tried to imitate such an approach, they will not only invest costly in building trust with producers, but must do better than IKEA to dissolve the recognition the company has gained (Daft Vershinina, 2010). Major Strategic Issues and Challenges IKEA Should Address IKEA has various options to make sure it improves its performances in the depressing economic setting founded on environmental dynamism an d the state of the industry. The company can focus on the business operations to boost its UAE and GCC market dominance. To accommodate average regulars with minimal wages and discretionary expenditure powers, it may manufacture low priced designs. The company could invest in the research and development to fund its expenses and improve on the status of its product designs. Through employing products promotion strategies, IKEA could widen its sales and become the market leader in the UAE and GCC nations (OBG, 2008). Its present promotional campaigns are based on cultural awareness and exclusive marketing situations for every nation and globally differ across marketplaces (OBG, 2008). To convey the alternative and innovative television spots across the world, IKEA has worked with diverse advertising bureaus for more than a year. Hence, IKEA gives the UAE, Dubai, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and Abu Dhabi marketing agencies the liberty to discover some of the uncharted and fascinating ideas that generate additional attraction. Furthermore, the corporation has a stockpile that attracts additional clientele to the Dubai and Abu Dhabi IKEA stores. In Dubai, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and Abu Dhabi, the IKEA stores appear positioned and arranged in a way that one cannot leave without seeing all the available products or furniture. This strategy lures the Middle East customers to buy IKEA products. IKEA takes advantage of this in getting new personnel to help customers walk through the shop and see the commodities they need (SandÄ ±kcÄ ± Rice, 2011). The system enables the clientele to buy more furniture than what they planned to purchase. Further, the company profits from the healthy firm-supplier association and its economies of scale. The company might surpass the long-term agreements for the low cost supplies from the clientele by providing leased technological support and equipment. It should uphold brand positioning by offering low priced and quality products while pres erving the value image in the UAE, Kuwait, Abu Dhabi, and Saudi Arabia markets (OBG, 2008). The existence of differentiated merchandises in the value added phase permits IKEA to offer options for preference, transfer, and transportation of furniture. This should be the strategy in the Middle East operation, and should IKEA fail to obtain the goodwill, it may incorporate the service costs into the price of manufactured supplies. Recommendations IKEA is cautious about the societal and cultural aspects of the UAE and GCC where it operates. IKEA should provide a commission on its products and services and allow every department to make its own management decisions. In the Dubai and Abu Dhabi markets where IKEA currently functions, such preparations will ensure that assorted units can respond promptly to any state of crisis. Conversely, by focusing on the superiority and low manufactured goods overheads, IKEA should pursue the principle of reaching out to the costs conscious customers. T his can be realized via putting extra energy on its business operations and sourcing the supply chain resources to minimize the operation costs. Hence, IKEA International in Dubai, Abu Dhabi, and Oman should reduce the resource leasing to lower the operating fixed costs. This can be realized through choosing a shopping quarter in the suburban areas in the UAE and GCC while evaluating the existing guidelines. While operating in the UAE and GCC markets, IKEA should provide excellence services during sales periods and over the weekends when the clients overwhelm personnel in service. For the UAE and GCC to sanction the employees to supply more than one category of manufactured goods, they must cross-train their workforces in diverse fields. IKEA should let the deployment of workforce from other sections when a given sector faces many enquiries from the clientele. To fill up the vacant positions over the weekends, the corporation must hire more part time workers from the GCC and UAE pop ulace and train them appropriately. Thus, the usage customers’ discontent over quality services and the surge in customer enquiries over the weekend would be dealt with through this implementation. IKEA found in the UAE and GCC must also influence the clients to shop online so that it can take advantage of the accessible information technology. In fact, this can reduce the weekend tension on the available human resources. Above all, the corporation must dispose the delivery free of charge strategy to attract more clients on online shopping since its catalogue is wide-ranging and the customers should access it effortlessly. Conclusion IKEA has grown-up into a multi-million corporation from the fully-fledged family business since the year 1943. The corporation will breed new business sections and sustain the present marketplace strategy of low priced quality merchandise as it progresses into the next years. To nurture its UAE and GCC businesses, it will make sure that there is recurrent upgrading of consumer services to make them remain its business contents whilst using technical internet shopping. It has a strong prospective of increasing its business operations in UAE and other GCC markets through limiting its expenses and improving the market share. This is enhanced through its established background and the influence it has in the industry. References Daft, K Vershinina, N 2010, Management-international edition, Cengage Learning EMEA, Andover, Hampshire. Gillespie, K, Jeannet, J Hennessey, D 2010, Global marketing, Cengage Learning, Florence, KY. Isaksson, R Suljanovic, M 2006, The IKEA experience. Web. OBG 2008, The report: Kuwait 2008, Oxford Business Group, Gabon. OBG 2010, The report: Oman 2010, Oxford Business Group, Gabon. OBG 2012, The report: Qatar 2010, Oxford Business Group, Gabon. SandÄ ±kcÄ ±, O Rice, G 2011, Handbook of Islamic marketing, Edward Elgar Publishing, Cheltenham United Kingdom. Walker, J Butler, S 2010, Oman, UAE Arab ian peninsula 3, Lonely Planet Publishers, Gurgaon, India. Zentes, J, Morschett, D, Schramm-Klein, H 2011, Strategic retail management: text and international cases, Springer Publishers, New York City. This essay on The Strategic Management of IKEA for Furniture Company in UAE or Gulf Corporate Countries was written and submitted by user Averie W. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Algebraic Operations on ACT Math Strategies and Formulas

Algebraic Operations on ACT Math Strategies and Formulas SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Variables, exponents, and more variables, whoo! ACT operations questions will involve all of these (and so much more!). So if you ever wondered what to do with or how to solve some of those extra long and clunky algebra problems (â€Å"What is the equivalent to ${2/3}a^2b - (18b - 6c) +$ †¦Ã¢â‚¬  you get the picture), then this is the guide for you. This will be your complete guide to ACT operations questions- what they’ll look like on the test, how to perform operations with multiple variables and exponents, and what kinds of methods and strategies you’ll need to get them done as fast and as accurately as possible. You'll see these types of questions at least three times on any given ACT, so let's take a look. What Are Operations? There are four basic mathematical operations- adding, subtracting, multiplying, and dividing. The end goal for any particular algebra problem may be different, depending on the question, but the operations and the methods to solve them will be the same. For example, when solving a single variable equation or a system of equations, your ultimate objective is to solve for a missing variable. However, when solving an ACT operations problem, you must use your knowledge of mathematical operations to identify an equivalent expression (NOT solve for a missing variable). This means that the answer to these types of problems will always include a variable or multiple variables, since we are not actually finding the value of the variable. Let’s look at two examples, side-by-side. This is a single variable equation. Your objective is to find $x$. If $(9x-9)=-$, then $x=$? A. $-{92/9}$B. $-{20/9}$C. $-{/9}$D. $-{2/9}$E. $70/9$ This is an ACT operations problem. You must find an equivalent expression after performing a mathematical operation on a polynomial. The product $(2x^4y)(3x^5y^8)$ is equivalent to: F. $5x^9y^9$G. $6x^9y^8$H. $6x^9y^9$J. $5x^{20}y^8$K. $6x^{20}y^8$ (We will go through exactly how to solve this problem shortly) Let's break down each component of an operations problem, step-by-step. (Also, bonus French braid lesson!) Operation Question How-To's Let us look at how to identify operations questions when you see them and how to solve for your answer. How to Identify an Operations Problem As we said before, the end goal of an operations problem is not to solve for a missing variable. Because of this, you can identify an operations problem by looking at your answer choices. If the question involves variables (instead of integers) in the given equation and in the answer choices, then it is likely you are dealing with an operations problem. This means that if the problem asks you to identify an â€Å"equivalent† expression or the â€Å"simplified form† of an expression, then it is highly likely that you are dealing with an operations problem. How to Solve an Operations Problem In order to solve these types of questions, you have two options: you can either solve your problems by using algebra, or by using the strategy of plugging in numbers. Let’s begin by looking at how algebraic operations work. First, you must understand how to add, multiply, subtract, and divide terms with variables and exponents. (Before we go through how to do this, be sure to brush up on your understanding of exponents and integers.) So let us look at the rules of how to manipulate terms with variables and exponents. Addition and Subtraction When adding or subtracting terms with variables (and/or exponents), you can only add or subtract terms that have the exact same variable. This rule includes variables with exponents- only terms with variables raised to the same power may be added together (or subtracted). For example, $x$ and $x^2$ CANNOT be combined into one term (i.e. $2x^2$ or $x^3$). It can only be written as $x + x^2$. To add terms with variables and/or exponents, simply add the numbers before the variable (the coefficients) just as you would add any numbers without variables, and keep the variables intact. (Note: if there is no coefficient in front of the variable, it is worth 1. $x$ is the same thing as $1x$.) Again, if one term has an additional variable or is raised to a different power, the two terms cannot be added together. Yes: $x + 4x = 5x$ $10xy - 2xy = 8xy$ No: $6x + 5y$ $xy - 2x - y$ $x + x^2 + x^3$ These expressions all have terms with different variables (or variables to different powers) and so CANNOT be combined into one term. How they are written above is as simplified as they can ever get. Multiplication and Division When multiplying terms with variables, you may multiply any variable term with another. The variables do not have to match in order for you to multiply the terms- the variables instead are combined, or taken to an additional exponent if the variables are the same, after multiplying. (For more on multiplying numbers with exponents, check out the section on exponents in our guide to advanced integers) $x * y = xy$ $ab * c = abc$ $z * z = z^2$ The variables in front of the terms (the coefficients) are also multiplied with one another as usual. This new coefficient will then be attached to the combined variables. $2x * 3y = 6xy$ $3ab * c = 3abc$ Just as when we multiplying variable terms, we must take each component separately when we divide them. This means that the coefficients will be reduced/divided with regard to one another (just as with regular division), as will the variables. (Note: again, if your variables involve exponents, now might be a good time to brush up on your rules of dividing with exponents.) $${8xy}/{2x} = 4y$$ $${5a^2b^3}/{15a^2b^2} = b/3$$ $${30y + 45}/5 = 6y + 9$$ When working on operations problems, first take each component separately, before you put them together. Typical Operation Questions Though there are several ways an operations question may be presented to you on the ACT, the principles behind each problem are essentially the same- you must manipulate terms with variables by performing one (or more) of the four mathematical operations on them. Most of the operations problems you’ll see on the ACT will ask you to perform a mathematical operation (subtraction, addition, multiplication, or division) on a term or expression with variables and then ask you to identify the â€Å"equivalent† expression in the answer choices. More rarely, the question may ask you to manipulate an expression in order to present your equation â€Å"in terms of† another variable (e.g. â€Å"which of the following expressions shows the equation in terms of $x$?†). Now let’s look at the different kinds of operations problems in action. The product $(2x^4y)(3x^5y^8)$ is equivalent to: F. $5x^9y^9$G. $6x^9y^8$H. $6x^9y^9$J. $5x^{20}y^8$K. $6x^{20}y^8$ Here, we have our problem from earlier, but now we know how to go about solving it using algebra. We also have a second method for solving the question (for those of you are uninterested in or unwilling to use algebra), and that is to use the strategy of plugging in numbers. We’ll look at each method in turn. Solving Method 1: Algebra operations Knowing what we know about algebraic operations, we can multiply our terms. First, we must multiply our coefficients: $2 * 3 = 6$ This will be the coefficient in front of our new term, so we can eliminate answer choices F and J. Next, let us multiply our individual variables. $x^4 * x^5$ $x^[4 + 5]$ $x^9$ And, finally, our last variable. $y * y^8$ $y^[1 + 8]$ $y^9$ Now, combine each piece of our term to find our final answer: $6{x^9}y^9$ Our final answer is H, $6{x^9}y^9$ Solving Method 2: Plugging in our own numbers Alternatively, we can find our answer by plugging in our own numbers (remember- any time the question uses variables, we can plug in our own numbers). Let us say that $x = 2$ and $y = 3$ (Why those numbers? Why not! Any numbers will do- except for 1 or 0, which is explained in our PIN guide- but since we are working with exponents, smaller numbers will give us more manageable results.) So let us look at our first term and convert it into an integer using the numbers we selected to replace our variables. $2{x^4}y$ $2(2^4)(3)$ $2(16)(3)$ $96$ Now, let us do the same to our second term. $3{x^5}{y^8}$ $3(2^5)(3^8)$ $3(32)(6,561)$ $629,856$ And finally, we must multiply our terms together. $(2{x^4}y)(3{x^5}{y^8})$ $(96)(629,856)$ $60,466,176$ Now, we need to find the answer in our answer choices that matches our result. We must plug in our same values for $x$ and $y$ as we did here and then see which answer choice gives us the same result. If you are familiar with the process of using PIN, you know that our best option is usually to start with the middle answer choice. So let us test answer choice H to start. $6{x^9}y^9$ $6(2^9)(3^9)$ $6(512)(19,683)$ $60,466,176$ Success! We have found our correct answer on the first try! (Note: if our first option had not worked, we would have seen whether it was too low or too high and then picked our next answer choice to try, accordingly.) Our final answer is again H, $6{x^9}y^9$ Now let us look at our second type of problem. For all real numbers $b$ and $c$ such that the product of $c$ and 3 is $b$, which of the following expressions represents the sum of $c$ and 3 in terms of $b$? A. $b+3$B. $3b+3$C. $3(b+3)$D. ${b+3}/3$E. $b/3+3$ This question requires us to translate the problem first into an equation. Then, we must manipulate that equation until we have isolated a different variable than the original. Again, we have two methods with which to solve this question: algebra or PIN. Let us look at both. Solving Method 1: Algebra First, let us begin by translating our equation into an algebraic one. We are told that the product of $c$ and 3 is equal to $b$. A â€Å"product† means we must multiply $c$ and 3 and so our equation looks like this: $3c = b$ Now we are asked to find the sum of $c$ and 3. This means we must isolate $c$ so that we can add them together. So let us first isolate $c$ by using our knowledge of algebraic operations. $3c = b$ $c = b/3$ Now, we can sum $c$ and 3 by replacing our $c$ with $b/3$. $c + 3$ ${b/3} + 3$ Our answer matches answer choice E. Our final answer is E. Solving Method 2: Plugging in numbers Alternatively, we can use our technique of plugging in numbers. Because our question deals with variables, we can choose our own numbers (so long as they follow the rules of our given information.) We are told that the product of $c$ and 3 is equal to $b$. So let us assign a value to $c$ and use this information to find the value of $b$. So let us say that $c = 4$. (Why 4? Why not!) If $c = 4$, then the product of $c$ and 3 is: $3c = b$ $3(4) = b$ $b = 12$ So, when $c$ equals 4, $b$ equals 12. Now we must find the sum of $c$ and 3. $3 + c$ $3 + (4)$ $7$ Now that we have found our sum, we must identify the answer choice that gives us this sum. All of our answer choices are presented to us in terms of $b$, so we will use our found value of 12 to replace $b$ for each. As with all PIN questions, let us start with the middle answer option. Answer choice C gives us: $3(b + 3)$ We can tell just by looking at it that this will be far larger than 7, but we can always test this out. $3(12 + 3)$ $3(15)$ $45$ We can eliminate answer choice C. Just by glancing, we can see that answer choices A and B will also be larger than 12, which means we can eliminate them as well. Let us try answer choice D. ${b + 3}/3$ ${12 + 3}/3$ $15/3$ $5$ Answer choice D did not match our sum, which means we can eliminate it as well. By process of elimination, we are left with answer choice E, but let us test it to be sure. ${b/3} + 3$ ${12/3} + 3$ $4 + 3$ $7$ Success! We have found the answer choice that matches the sum we found. Our final answer is, once again, E, ${b/3} + 3$. As you can see, the answer to your operations questions will always be in variables and the problem will always require you to interpret and manipulate expressions with variables, but there are always multiple options for how to solve these types of problems. You've got the power to decide how you would like to solve and manipulate your operations problems. Magic! Strategies for Solving Operations Questions Now that we’ve seen the types of operations questions you’ll see on the ACT, let’s review our solving strategies. #1: Use PIN when needed (or to double-check your answer) If you ever feel concerned that you may be going down the wrong path while manipulating your operations problems, or if you simply want to double-check your answer, it's never a bad idea to use the strategy of plugging in numbers. Although it can take a little longer plug in your own numbers for your variables, you'll never have to fear misremembering how to manipulate your exponents, your variables, or your equations as a whole. Once you're able to use real numbers for your variables, the math will be a piece of cake. #2: Focus on one aspect of the term at a time It can become all too easy to lose yourself when working with multiple variables at once, especially when it comes to multiplication and division. The test-makers know this and will provide bait answers for any number of common mistakes. In order to keep all your components organized, focus on just one piece of each expression at a time. First, look at the coefficients, then look at the variables. This will help keep all your moving pieces in order and lessen the odds of mix-ups and mistakes. #3: Eliminate your answer options as you go Operations problems can sometimes mess with your head, not because they are inherently difficult, but because the ACT is a marathon and your brain can get tired and confused (and lazy). This, combined with the fact that all the answer choices generally look quite similar, with only small differences- a minus sign instead of a plus sign, one coefficient difference, etc.- can lead you to select the wrong answer, even when you know what the correct one should be. To avoid this kind of careless error (the worst kind of error!), eliminate your answer choices as you go through your problem. Know that the coefficient for your $y$ value must be 3? Immediately cross out any answer choices that give you anything other than $3y$. It may seem inefficient to solve problems this way, but it will keep your answers much more clear. #4: Keep careful track of your negatives Not only can it be difficult to keep track of multiple variables, but it's even easier to mix-up the proper negative and positive signs. Many students make careless errors with their negative signs and the ACT test-makers are all too aware of this. They will provide all manner of bait answers for anyone who misplaces even a single negative sign, so be very careful. $(a+2b+3c)-(4a+6b-5c)$ is equivalent to: A. $-4a-8b-2c$B. $-4a-4b+8c$C. $-3a+8b-2c$D. $-3a-4b-2c$E. $-3a-4b+8c$ For a problem like this, we are being asked to subtract the entire expression, $4a + 6b - 5c$, from the entire expression, $a + 2b + 3c$. This means that the negative sign will be negating every term in the expression $4a + 6b - 5c$. So we must put a negative sign in front of each term. $4a$ becomes $-4a$ $6b$ becomes $-6b$ $-5c$ becomes $- -5c$ or $+5c$. Now let us put these pieces together with the first expression. $a - 4a = -3a$ $2b - 6b = -4b$ $3c + 5c = 8c$ Our final expression will be: $-3a - 4b + 8c$ Our final answer is E, $-3a - 4b + 8c$. [Note: many (many!) students put a negative sign only in front of the first term in the parenthesis, which in this case the $4a$. If you had done this, you would have gotten: $a - 4a = -3a$ $2b + 6b = 8b$ $3c - 5c = -2c$. This would have given you answer choice C, $-3a + 8b - 2c$. Again the test-makers know this is a common error and there will always be a bait answer to tempt anyone who makes this kind of mistake.] Operations in the "real world." Hyuk, yuk, yuk. Test Your Knowledge Now that we’ve gone through the tips and tricks of operations questions, it’s time to put your knowledge to the test with more real ACT math problems. 1. Which of the following is an equivalent simplified expression for $2(4x+7)-3(2x-4)$? F. $x+2$G. $2x + 2$H. $2x+26$J. $3x+10$K. $3x+$ 2.Which of the following expressions is equivalent to ${1/2}y^2(6x+2y+12x-2y)$? A. $9xy^2$B. $18xy$C. $3xy^2 + 12x$D. $9xy^2-2y^3$E. $3xy^2+12x-y^3-2y$ 3.$t^2-59t+54-82t^2+60t$ is equivalent to: F. $-26t^2$G. $-26t^6$H. $-81t^4+t^2+54$J. $-81t^2+t+54$K. $-82t^2+t+54$ 4.The expression $-8x^3(7x^6-3x^5)$ is equivalent to: A. $-56x^9+24x^8$B. $-56x^9-24x^8$C. $-56x^18+24x^15$D. $-56^18-24x^15$E. $-32x^4$ Answers: H, A, J, A Answer Explanations: 1. As always, we can solve this question using algebra or using PIN. Let us look at both ways. Method 1: Algebra First, we must distribute out our terms. Only afterwards will we subtract them. Let us take each half of our expression by itself. $2(4x + 7)$ $8x + 14$ $ -3(2x - 4)$ $-6x + 12$ (Note: keep careful track of your negatives here, especially in the second half of our expression.) Now, we can put the two together. $8x + 14 - 6x + 12$ $2x + 26$ We cannot go any further, as we have combined all our like terms. Our final answer is H, $2x + 26$ Method 2: PIN As an alternative to algebra, we can always use plugging in numbers. So let us assign our own value to $x$, which we will call 3. (Why 3? Why not!) This means that we will replace any $x$ in our given equation with a 3. $2(4x + 7) - 3(2x - 4)$ $2(4(3) + 7) - 3(2(3) - 4)$ $2(12 + 7) - 3(6 - 4)$ $2(19) - 3(2)$ $38 - 6$ $32$ Now, let us find the answer choice that matches with our found answer of 32, once we replace the $x$ with 3. As usual, when using PIN, let us start with the middle answer option. $2x + 26$ $2(3) +26$ $6 + 26$ $32$ Success! We found our answer on the first try. But remember- when using PIN, always check your other answer options to make sure there are not repeat correct answers. We can see straightaway that answer choices F and G will be too small, since answer choice H was a match. So let us try answer choice J. $3x + 10$ $3(3) + 10$ $9 + 10$ $19$ This answer choice is too small and we can see just by looking that answer choice K will be too small as well (since they only differ by 1). This means we are safe with our answer choice H, as no others produced a match. Our final answer is H, $2x + 26$. As we saw from earlier in the guide and from the example problem above, we can always use algebra or PIN for our operations problems. Knowing that, we will only go through one method each for the rest of our answer explanations. 2: For this problem, let us do our solve using algebra (again, we could also use PIN, but for the sake of brevity, we are only choosing one method for each problem). We are given the equation: ${1/2}y^2(6x + 2y + 12x - 2y)$ Now, let us first make life easier by combining the like terms in the parenthesis. $(6x + 2y + 12x - 2y)$ $(6x + 12x + 2y - 2y)$ $(18x)$ The $y$ terms cancel one another out, so we are left with only $18x$ in the parenthesis. Now, we must multiply our $18x$ by ${1/2}y^2$. As always, when multiplying, we must multiply first the coefficients and then combine them with the combined variables. So: ${1/2}y^2 * 18x$ $(1/2) * 18 = 9$ $y^2 * x = y^2x$ Put the two together and we have: $9y^2x$ So our final answer is A, $9xy^2$ 3: Because we used algebra last time, let us try our hand at solving this question using PIN. Because we are using our own numbers, we don’t have to worry about whether or not we are matching up the right terms, or if we are combining them incorrectly; we can bypass all the mess and use numbers instead. We have one variable, $t$, so let us say that $t = 2$. (Why 2? As always, why not!) $t^2 - 59t + 54 - 82t^2 + 60t$ $(2)^2 - 59(2) + 54 - 82(2)^2 + 60(t)$ $4 - 8 + 54 - 328 + 120$ $-268$ Now, we must find the answer choice that matches our found answer of 102, once we replace $t$ with 2. Let us start in the middle, with answer choice H. $-81t^4 + t^2 + 54$ $-81(2)^4 + (2)^2 + 54$ $-81(16) + 4 + 54$ $-1296 + 58$ $-1238$ We can see just by looking that answer choice G will be too small as well ($-26 * 16 = -416$), and answer choice F will be too large (-26 * 4 = -104). So let us try answer choice J. $-81t^2 + t + 54$ $-81(2)^2 + 2 + 54$ $-81(4) + 56$ $-324 + 56$ $-268$ Success! And we can also see that the only difference between answer choices J and K are the coefficient in front of $t^2$ (-81 vs. -82), so we know that answer K would produce an incorrect and smaller number than answer choice J. Our final answer is J, $-81t^2 + t + 54$ 4: Because we used PIN last time, let us use algebra for this problem. Because we do not have like terms in the parenthesis, we must distribute out our expression using multiplication. $-8x^3(7x^6 - 3x^5)$ $-8x^3(7x^6) - -8x^3(3x^5)$ And take each piece separately. $-8x^3(7x^6)$ = $-8 * 7 = -56$ and $x^3 * x^6 = x^[3 + 6] = x^9$ (for more on this, look to the section on exponents in our advanced integers guide). So, combined, we have: $-56x^9$ And the other half of our expression will be the same. $- -8x^3(3x^5)$ $8x^3(3x^5)$ = $8 * 3 = 24$ and $x^3 * x^5 = x^[3 + 5] = x^8$ So, combined, we have: $24x^8$ Now our equation looks like this: $-56x^9 + 24x^8$ Our final answer is A, $-56x^9 + 24x^8$ (Take care! The only difference between answer choice A and B is the negative sign. If you weren’t careful with your double negatives, you may have fallen for this bait answer.) Ten thousand gold stars for solving your operations problems! The Take-Aways Though operations problems are easy to get wrong if you’re going too quickly through the test (or trying to solve them in your head), the basic elements are the same as any problem with variables- combine like terms, keep your work organized, and use PIN if you feel overwhelmed (or simply want to double-check your answer). You have a multitude of options for solving ACT algebra questions, so don’t be afraid to use them. What’s Next? Still in the mood for math? Well we've got you covered! First, take a gander at exactly what's tested on the ACT math section in order to get a feel for your strong and weak points. Next, dive right into our ACT math guides for any topic you feel you haven't quite mastered (or just any topic you want to refresh). From circles to ratios, slopes to polygons, we've got your back. Running out of time on the ACT math section? Check out our guide on how to help maximize your avaialable time in order to get your best score possible. Nervous about test day? Ease your mind by taking a look at what to do the night before and the day of the test. Trying for a perfect score? Look no further than our guide to getting a perfect 36 on the ACT math, written by a perfect-scorer. Want to improve your ACT score by 4 points? Check out our best-in-class online ACT prep program. We guarantee your money back if you don't improve your ACT score by 4 points or more. Our program is entirely online, and it customizes what you study to your strengths and weaknesses. If you liked this Math lesson, you'll love our program. Along with more detailed lessons, you'll get thousands of practice problems organized by individual skills so you learn most effectively. We'll also give you a step-by-step program to follow so you'll never be confused about what to study next. Check out our 5-day free trial:

Top 3 Reasons Why You Should Network

Top 3 Reasons Why You Should Network For those of you who, like me, dread the â€Å"networking† phase of job searching, here are some reassuring suggestions! It’s easy to dread the forced nature of â€Å"networking† or the awkwardness of feeling like you’re fake-interviewing someone who couldn’t care less about your background or ambitions but there are benefits to networking. That being said, here are 3 reasons why you should network. 1. Networking Isn’t Begging, It’s GivingThe advantage to letting someone get to know you is that they’ll remember you when it’s time to fill an open position. If you share some original ideas or have a meaningful conversation about something you’re passionate about- without the agenda of a job application- you’ll stay in their mind because of how well you click.At the same time, you also have an important opportunity to learn something crucial about the person you’ve just met, so that at some point in the future you can help them with their professional endeavors.2. Networking Can Improve Your Social SkillsThink of a networking opportunity (also known as â€Å"meeting someone socially with whom you have professional interests in common†) as a chance to gain three things, as Herges puts it:A sense of what makes the other person happy and inspiredAn idea of the best way to converse with the other person to make them feel appreciatedAn opportunity to showcase what it would be like to have you as a colleagueListening is such an underrated skill- and it neatly covers any uncertainty you might feel about what to say. Networking is noy only about what you can get,  but also about what you can contribute.3. You Can Network Without Even Trying!Here’s my favorite networking experience I’ve ever had- it took months to unfold and some lucky timing.In the course of my regular Twitter use, I started chatting with a musician named Matt; he invited me to swing by a birthday pa rty he was having. There, I struck up a conversation with Karen, a writer and freelancer, and we became friends on Twitter. A few weeks later she invited me to a bowling meet-up, where I started talking with Michael, a fellow Mets fan who was also a social media director. Because we’d become friends, I saw when he retweeted a friend of his who was seeking copywriters for a TV sports comedy show, and I got the gig (which remains one of my favorite freelance gigs I’ve ever had).It goes on! A year later when a colleague and I were out for a lunchtime walk, he mentioned was looking for freelancers on a writing and editing project; randomly my friend Karen happened to cross our path just a few minutes later. I introduced them and recommended my friend Karen for the project, and they’ve been working together ever since.I didn’t go into any of these encounters- the Twitter conversations, the birthday party, the bowling, or the walk- expecting to get a job; but I did hope I’d meet fun people, and it turned out they were people I’d like to work with sometime in the future. Because I was just being myself, I made a much better impression than I would have if I was in â€Å"networking mode.†Professional strategies can help you clarify your goals, but there’s no substitute for getting to know people in a low-stakes scenario.  3 Reasons Networking Is A Job Search Priority †¦Ã‚  Read More at www.pure-jobs.com

Bad practices in Restaurants in the UAE Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Bad practices in Restaurants in the UAE - Essay Example As these restaurants prepare various kinds of cuisines, it becomes difficult for them to abide by all the norms of hygiene. Almost most of them nowadays, do not comply with the norms devised by the food control authority of the country. The paper will argue how the restaurants and food control authority ignore hygienic practices in restaurants of UAE. It gives an account of the causes leading to these bad practices, the final outcome of neglect and the solutions some of which are reflected in terms of the steps taken by the authority. The study would argue on the basis of secondary research as well as results from primary survey to capture the choice pattern of public. A brief interview and survey was conducted on a randomly drawn sample of 50 people online and at the American University of Sharjah to understand on what basis the customers choose restaurants to go and eat. Causes: The restaurants in UAE are facing severe hygiene troubles as all the restaurants do not employ qualified or trained employees. To maintain low costs, the employers generally employ untrained and unprofessional people in their restaurants. â€Å"One in every three people responsible for hygiene in Dubai’s restaurants is not qualified† (Malek, May23, 2012). ... (Malek, Oct 19, 2011). It is understood that Indians make up 65 per cent of the food industry workforce, Asian comprise 20 per cent of workers, with Arabs making up 12 per cent. The results point out that the majority of workers are not receiving efficient hygiene training (Shaheen and Dajani, Mar 1, 2010). The lack of a culture of hygiene and food safety in restaurants and food outlets is a key reason for illness.   For example, the Abu Dhabi Food Control Authority instructed the closing of Al Tazaj Fakieh Grilled Chicken, a restaurant in the Hamdan Centre building along Hamdan Bin Mohammad Street, for recurrent breach of food safety policy.(Kader, April 18, 2011). Sometimes the food is also not prepared in proper clean environment and furnished place. It therefore leaves a risk behind in the whole making of the food (Occupational Food Handling and Food Preparation Areas, February, 2012, p.9). Out of the 130 restaurants inspected, 8 were accused of unhygienic practices while 95 ha ve been alerted – â€Å"Offences included poor ventilation, unclean cooking areas and piling food in refrigerators in a way that could lead to cross contamination† (The National Staff, 2012). The Ibrahim restaurant was ordered to shut down after the food authority in Abu Dhabi found â€Å"cockroaches and other insects in the restaurant’s kitchen and dining area† (Abu Dhabi food inspectors cracking down on restaurants, 2012) . Some related issues can also be identified. For instance, problems like temperature control, contamination and food poisoning are witnessed due to unhygienic methods employed in the cooking process. Controlling temperatures of food in high-risk outlets such as hotels, cafeterias, restaurants and catering companies

Psychology (mental illnesses) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Psychology (mental illnesses) - Essay Example In the process of analyzing the obscure emotions of the patient, the therapist can link them to the actual relationships that they cause, for example one's animosity to food or alcohol. The other technique is introduced by Carl Rogers. He is the founding father of the Person-centered approach, the most widely used technique in modern clinical psychology. This concept explores the healing of the psyche through empathy, active listening, and "mirroring" of the patient. This therapeutic intervention is focused on the immediate conscious experience rather than attempting to solve the unconscious. The transformative impact of Roger's therapy is that there is an unconditional positive attitude to the client "not as a scientist to an object, but as a person to a person (Rogers 22)". The theory of person-centered therapy suggests that the resources for someone to heal himself lie inside them. In today's global world where our daily activities mix with the technologies, telephone or internet therapy is something acceptable and understandable. The mental health programs where the treatment is conducted via internet or phone provide instant support and availability to patients in emergencies. However, the quick access advantage adds to other disadvantages.

Motivation Letter Essay Example for Free

Motivation Letter Essay I am writing to submit letter to express my interest as a Catering assistant in your organisation. Being fresher, It is a good match with the job description you have provided on your website, I am confident in my ability to meet and exceed my goals with your organisation and helps me in future by getting experience in catering assistant. I am applying for this position because I have following skills: Washing dishes and utensils by hand. Having reliability and patient when working in fast pace environment. Provide outstanding customer service and friendly with all team members. Great understandings of cleaning and cleaning tools. Great at multi-tasking and time management skills. Ability to handle things in a discreet and confidential manner. Based on my qualifications, it is the perfect job for me to improve my skills to provide good quality customer service and learn new things from other employees. In addition to my customer service strengths, I have mastery  knowledge of kitchen cleaning or customer service and have good communication skills. My primary objective is to assist your business grow and function smoothly in any way I can This job is favourable for me because I am quick learner and ability to do anything. I am prepared to undertake any training offered and I am available for an interview anytime. If you have any further questions please do not hesitate to contact me (0223963129) I look forward to hearing from you.

Introduction to Santería :: Santeria

Introduction to Santerà ­a Santerà ­a, sometimes referred to as La Regla Lucunmi, originated in West Africa in what are now Nigeria and Benin. Santerà ­a is, however, not purely a West African religion; it has many ties to European Catholicism. Because of this correlation, there is no exact year for the formation of this religion. The closest date available for the founding of Santerà ­a is between the 1700's to about 1870 – the period of the slave trade. The slave trade brought many people that practiced this particular religion to the shores of Cuba, Haiti, Puerto Rico, Trinidad as well as many other Caribbean countries. Not only were the slaves' bodies brought over. Their souls, culture, and religion were brought to the Americas as well. In the early years, when the slaves had just begun arriving, there was a great deal of pressure placed on them, by the European plantation owners and missionaries, to convert to Catholicism. Despite these attempts by the plantation owners, Santerà ­a was still openly practiced, and the number of practitioners was increasing. Since in performing openly their religion many harsh beatings and punishments were administered, the religious followers tended to incorporate many Catholic elements into their religion. One factor that helped to make the two religions look similar to the plantation owners was that many of the orishas, the primary gods, shared many of the same physical characteristics that the Catholic saints possessed. This made the slaves appear to be practicing Catholicism although they were practicing their native, African religions. Believers of Santerà ­a place their faith in the orishas. The orishas are not as powerful or as omnipotent as their predominant God, Olodumare, or Olorun. Olorun is the source of ashe, the spiritual energy that makes up the entire universe, all life and all things material. The orishas are the spirits or gods that interact with humans by controlling nature and attending to the daily needs of the religion's followers. They are approachable and can be counted on to come to the aid of followers by guiding them to a better life, materially as well as spiritually. In other words, they are emissaries of God. Furthermore, each orisha possesses a distinct personality. Communication between orishas and humankind is accomplished through ritual, prayer, divination and offerings (ebo). Depending on the particular orisha that they wish to please, santeros use certain colors and certain animals and play particular drumbeats during their rituals. The music is of great importance because it helps to coax the orisha into "mounting" or possessing the priest.

Commentary on my creative writing piece focusing on The Dubliners Essay

After completing my story, I thought I would say how the story that I had written related to the story ‘The Dubliners’. The story that I wrote, I related to the theme of paralysis and the risk of death, a vision of the future and also a little about money, which is used in The Dubliners. I chose this viewpoint on the story as I thought it would relate well to the background I was using. Especially the theme of death would work well, as death is a very common situation so it helped when I dramatised the theme. Also I decided to use the times of today, as I thought it would be more easier to relate to ‘The Dubliners’ using a situation in a lower/ middle class background, but using a cultural difference. I also decided to use third person narrative, as I thought it would be clearer in third person. I did try to use first person, but I had a bit of difficulty in putting a point across, so I decided to use third person, as I found it much more flowing to do. I decided to start off with a line, which explained the background so the story would be easier to understand, as I used a different culture. If I had gone straight into a story, the story may have been hard to understand. I included a little introduction to the character and the backgrounds, so the reader would notice what culture I was trying to show and how I was trying to relate it to The Dubliners. I think the introduction to the character and the culture, is a very important thing in my story. This was only in the beginning, but when I used a little climax. I used a twist in the middle of my story, to make sure the reader would be more interested and engaged to read on. The method I used was an everyday experience, which seemed like a big thing. This helped me to use the theme of vision of the future, with the character knowing there would be more trouble. The ending I used both of the themes of death and vision of future. I think death was a very important in the whole story, which showed the theme of paralysis. I used the theme of vision of future, as the character had death on their mind through the whole story, and this helped to use the theme of death. I think I can relate this to The Dubliners, as the theme of paralysis and the theme of death and darkness is used very often. I chose to end the story in this way as it dramatises the themes in which that I used. Also I used description, with a stressful atmosphere used. I think this ending suits the culture in which I wrote the story about. As it is believed that shootings are made in this background a lot. This I thought would be the best way to end my story. I think I thought about my main character quite a lot, especially with the culture to take in account. Also, the use of the characters pride and making the character emotional about death and escape. This helped me to explain how the character was feeling. I think I used the character well in the situation, because the background and culture is like real life. I have read and researched situation like this and deaths are always happening. This is why it was important, that I made sure the character, language and the actions were correct. This in my opinion was the best thing to do was research a little about the background, also things such as drugs, typical backgrounds, and even clothing I researched so I made sure the situation was just like real life and not something in reality. I used the background and the subject matter as it all related to one thing. Especially the setting and atmosphere, which all related to death. I used the subject of stress in my story as well, the whole theme of stress, occurred to me as a good way in which to escape or a good way to look for escape. Stress can usually consist of anger and frustration, which is how it is related to The Dubliners. These emotions are shown within my story and also The Dubliners. The language I used in my story was descriptive and also gave good and relevant information, when was needed. As I used a different content of language, I had to explain what some words meant. Also I think my story would sound effective if it was to be read out loud, as the situation is real and can happen in life. Maybe in some cases people can relate to this kind of story, as it can also send a message across about gangs, firearms, drugs, and also maybe drinking. After writing this story I think that this has many themes which could be related to the story, The Dubliners. As you can see I have included themes such as death, escape, darkness and also vision for the future. I think these themes helped me to relate the story with the best use, as cultural I was not sure on which to write a story about, that is why I used a different culture, in which I found more interesting to write about.

John Donne Essay

John Donne’s Valediction Forbidding Mourning is a poem stressing the aspect of love through the use of various metaphors and allusions. Donne’s main influences being utilized in the poem are created from the 17th century metaphysical poetry. The poem in essence is a farewell speech, as is written in the beginning lines. These lines suggest a quiet departure and the syntax of the poem and the meter follow through with traditional rhythm. The speaker does not want a teary goodbye as is read with ‘no tear-floods’. Donne’s alliteration throughout lines 5-8 also give the reader a sense of movement and accenting of the farewell with the phrase, â€Å"twere profanation †¦to tell the laity† in which the ‘t’ sound becomes prevalent and its poignancy points toward an emphasis on the farewell motif of the poem and how the lovers cope with this departure. The purpose of the speaker is to comfort the reader, or the lover in a time of parting. The speaker then requests of the lover that the two part ways calmly and quietly and thus eliminate tears and protests of the departing. The speaker further insists that to part ways in such a platonic fashion alludes to their love being holy. This love however develops beyond the boundaries of the spiritual and is also referenced as being a physical and sexual love. Thus, the poem’s focus is a transformation of the different loves shared by the speaker and the lover and the celebration the two have in these loves which are refined as line 17 points out. The secret that the metaphysical writing gives the reader is that the lovers are so in tune with each other that they are assured, according to the speaker, a happy reunion. It is the sharing of the goodbye that is endearing in the poem, and the way in which Donne analyzes this farewell is also intriguing. Donne’s metaphysics speaks towards the couple’s soul, and it’s joining after being split. This then is a merriment of earthly love or ‘religion of love’. The love being elevated in the poem, is enhanced by the device of metaphor as Donne writes that the love spoken about in the poem is a sacred love. The narrator describes this love as being breed from confidence in love, which gives the two a strength during the parting. Thus, the two are able to endure a brief span of time in which their love will connect them (Nutt 2005). This endurance is made possible by the speaker by emphasizing that the two share a single soul and thus any illusion of division by space, time or distance is inconsequential. This is the extended metaphor of Donne’s poem. The metaphysical conceit in A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning is the comparison of the two unlikely objects of the lovers’ relationship and their two souls being the feet of a drawing compass as seen in the final stanzas. The allusion to feet of a compass, is a metaphor of direction in which love points toward the right direction and the love of the two lovers is merely a circle that has no end, thus, a farewell is of no consequence since it ends and begins in the same instant. Therefore, although the two lovers will be geographically apart from each other, the speaker believes that this will only strengthen their love since the lovers will remain faithful to each other during this separation, thus bringing trust into the equation of Donne’s metaphysics. Another key metaphor used by Donne is that of gold being beaten thin so that it expands and this comparison is made between the love expanding between the two lovers and not breaking (Beliles 1999). Thus, Donne’s use of metaphor through metaphysical aspirations is the main creative elements in his poem. Work Cited Beliles, D. B. Theoretically-Informed Criticism of Donne’s Love Poetry: Towards A Pluralist Hermeneutics of Faith. New York: Peter Lang Publishing, Inc. , 1999. Donne, J. Poems of John Donne. vol I. E. K. Chambers, ed. London, Lawrence & Bullen, 1896. 51-52. Nutt, J. John Donne: The Poems (Analyzing Text). Palgrave Macmillan. New York, 2005.

The Decline of Rome essays

The Decline of Rome essays The Roman Empire stood in great power for many decades. For an extensive period of time Rome was considered the center of civilization. For the empire was beautiful and attracted many invaders, the walls surrounding the empire and of course the powerful army served as protective forces against the invaders Some people believed that the Roman Empire would last forever. The fall of the eastern half of Rome was a result of major political, military, economic, and social problems. The western half lived on throughout the Byzantine Empire. The downfall of these four key aspects of Roman society destroyed the fabric of the great Roman Civilization. The various political problems that accursed in Rome were related to the fact that there was no law of succession to the throne. In the absence of a law of succession to the throne, in the most powerful military leader declared himself Emperor of Rome. An example of this is Julius Caesar, declared himself dictator after great military conquest. Caesar was a great leader for Rome, but there were Emperors that were given the title that were incapable of the responsibilities. Neros rule led to military rebellion and opened the path to widespread disruption. The empire was overextended. Rome controlled so much of the world that the majority of the Roman legion was composed of soldiers whose roots were not based in Roman culture. As a result, the quality of the Roman soldier became poor. These long-term military causes were threatening to Rome. There were consequences causes that would arise if Rome were to be attacked. The impoverished state of the Western Empire resulted in a weak m ilitary. The soldiers were no longer loyal to the army and their emperor. There were very few that would risk their lives for the empire. Now there were many foreign soldiers who served for pay. This made it that much harder to be able to hold a large army. There was not the type of ...

Oft, Often, and Oftentimes

Oft, Often, and Oftentimes Oft, Often, and Oftentimes Oft, Often, and Oftentimes By Mark Nichol What is the difference between often and oftentimes, and is oft a word? The short answers are that there is no difference, and yes. These three adverbs all stem from the Old English (and Middle English) term oft, meaning â€Å"frequently.† The longer variants developed in the 1300s. Just as often is an extended alteration of oft (likely invented to ease the transition to a word beginning with a vowel), oftentimes derived from ofttimes. That last word is all but unknown in Modern English, and even oft is rare but survives in a saying from William Shakespeare’s Julius Caesar, â€Å"The evil that men do lives after them. The good is oft interred with their bones.† It is also used in combination with verbs in constructions such as oft-praised and oft-told. Often and oftentimes are interchangeable, but the more archaic-sounding latter word is less economical and has an obsolete taint equivalent to that of the superfluous -st ending in words such as amidst and amongst or the extraneous first syllable of upon. (Interestingly, against differs from its cousins amidst and amongst in that the truncated form again is not a variation but a word with a distinct meaning.) The antonym seldom, meaning â€Å"rarely,† which also comes from Old English, originally had a compound -times form as well (though it was hyphenated), and seldhweanne (â€Å"seldwhen†) and seldsiene (â€Å"seldseen†) were part of the word-hoard, though only the latter word evolved into a later form (seldom-seen). (The variant seld-shown appeared in Shakespeare.) Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:What Is Irony? (With Examples)Do you "orient" yourself, or "orientate" yourself?5 Tips to Understand Hyphenated Words

Information Policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Information Policy - Essay Example However, domain shutdowns and three strike rule have helped reduce cases of piracy. The problem is on peer-to-peer (P2P) sharing sites where privacy is a thorny issue. How can P2P sites be checked for copyright issues without violating privacy? Indeed, top level domains are critical infrastructure that facilitate access to government services. The shutdown of such sites can cripple countries and states. However, some large sites such as Google have a lot of users, more than even the populations of most countries. Do you believe that the shutdown of a site such as Google can cripple the internet? The issue of sites such as pirate bay’s continued existence is as a result of reluctance in the copyright enforcement agencies such as the Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE). The ICE only redirects traffic from the site by changing the domain access of a site to a different site without the pirated material (DeNardis, 2015). This temporary shutdown contributes to the continued existence of sites such as Pirate Bay. The ICE should improve their information technology skills so that they can track the physical address of the servers used to carry out piracy. Additionally, the ICE should confiscate all servers and any materials used to carry out piracy, and arrest and prosecute the copyright violators. Although closing down domains and arresting individuals who download copyright materials will not completely stop piracy, it will helping reduce its occurrence. However, it needs improvement as indicated above. What are the better ways, from your perspective, which can reduce copyrights and trademarks violations, or do you believe that the war against piracy can never be

Humanities 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Humanities 2 - Essay Example It is, hence, easy to understand how opera was developed in order to satisfy the Baroque contemporary requirements. To demonstrate this, the opera contains several elements that express Baroque cultural values and this paper will cite them. In order to understand the relationship of the opera to the Baroque artistic style, it is important to explain what it is all about. Here, Guisepi's work becomes helpful. He explained that the term literally means "irregular" and was applied to the dynamic and undisciplined artistic creativity that "grew out of the Catholic pomp and confidence accompanying the Counter-Reformation." Rome is central to this musical development wherein many musicians converge in order to study or find work in numerous choirs and for families like Colonna and Borghese (Sabene 2011). It would then come to symbolize the power of the European monarchies as Baroque gained prominence and popularity. These developments led to a kind of artistic style that is unbridled and s ought to impress and awe. Opera was an inevitable offshoot of this environment since, along with visual art, the Church and rich Roman families and nobles commissioned musical pieces as well. The sheer pomp and pageantry of the Baroque society, particularly of its festivities and celebrations, called for a type of music that would similarly reflect it and its grand events. Stone recounted an account of one important celebration, which could provide an idea of what this point means - the public performance arranged by Medina Coeli in celebration of the birthday of the Queen back in 1696: Before the Royal Palace a huge amphitheater was built on which was performed Scarlatti's cantata Il Trionfo dell Stagioni (The Triumph of the Seasons). This was a performance of Mahlerian proportions with 150 instrumentalists and a chorus of 50; the whole construction was illuminated by some 900 torches and lanterns†¦ In these events the entire community was brought together, not as equal specta tors, but as participants in a celebration of hierarchy, which sought, to image power relations of that society (89). Combination of Art Essentially, what makes the opera Baroque in style is the idea that it combines all music and art forms together. First, it is based "on the linking of text to music such that the music followed and augmented the natural speech flow" (Modern Baroque Opera Newsletter 2004). Then, it would utilize and integrate other forms of art such as literature, drama, painting and elaborate stage settings (Guisepi). No wonder many people and music enthusiasts even today refer to it as one of the most exciting artifact of European art and culture. Opera implies a certain grandness that can only be equated with the powers of the European monarchs and the magnificence of the Christian God. The construction of elaborate opera houses depicted the dynamics of grandeur that characterize the opera. Opera houses in many Italian cities demonstrate this such as the La Scal a in Milan and in other countries as well as like the Paris Opera in France with its ornate ceiling and general architecture considered as a masterpiece of the French Baroque. The cavernous and ornate architecture sought to highlight the drama and grandeur of each performance as with the other elements integrated in the whole experience. It is perhaps safe to say that opera or experiencing the opera is incomplete without the imposing Baroque magnificence of these buildings. The Margravial Opera House in Germany is an

The Prefabricated Houses Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

The Prefabricated Houses - Term Paper Example One of these types of buildings is known as "prefabricated house" that kind of housing can be finished in short period and manufactured off-site in advance. It consists of standard sections that can be easily shipped, assembled, and dis-assembled. Moreover, the cost of  prefabricated  unit  is equivalent to  30-40%  of the cost of typical unit. This paper explores prefabricated housing, benefits, types, installation procedure, misconceptions, and future prospects. Prefabricated Houses Defined Prefabrication is a process of assembling the components of a particular structure in a factory and transporting the finished assemblies or sub-assemblies to the construction site where the final product is to be installed. The process is an alternative to the traditional on-site construction practice where raw material is gathered and assembled on location of construction (Daab, 2008). The primary principle of prefabrication is grouping comparable construction tasks and applying assem bly line techniques on construction site where skilled labor is available. The process is also called off-site manufacture (OSM). The practice is more effective when modularization is also employed, that is, the process of repeating units of form throughout the structure, or when several replica of the same basic structure are to be built (West 1). According to Callcutt Review of House building Delivery (2007) prefabrication is time-saving, economical, and provide high quality end product. In addition, the process has a potential to offer faster construction, cleaner and safer working conditions, reduced housing faults, reduced construction waste, and more energy efficient homes. On the other hand, some of the challenges of prefabricated housing include: interface detailing, handling and supply chain logistics, transportation to location, investment ability, and social stigma (West 1).Schweitzer and Michael state: "The earliest known examples of successful prefabricated housing in A merica came soon after, however, the "great house" of Edward Winslow was sent from England to Cape Ann northeast of Boston in 1624 to provide for the fishing fleet already operating there. The building was reportedly moved several times subsequently and parts of its supposedly were built into a house in Salem, Massachusetts, still standing today, more than 300 years later."(57) Types of Prefabricated Housing According to BRE and UK Department for Communities and Local Government (Callcutt, 2007) there are three types of prefabricated systems used by housing market. It includes volumetric systems, partial modularization, and prefabrication of elements. Volumetric systems include completely assembled three-dimensional modular units manufactured in a factory and installed on location. Partial modularization includes standardized units or elements while prefabrication of elements refers to an assortment of individual systems including 'frames' and 'structural insulated panels (SIP)'.Eac h of these systems has its own pros and cons, however, all of these are important for prefabricated housing market because of their use in isolation or combination as hybrid techniques(Callcutts,2007). Three types of prefabricated housing market sections include modular, penalized, and precut. A modular home system consists of three-dimensional unit. It includes interior and exterior walls, plumbing, wiring, and other kinds of utility